UNIT I
STONES: Classification of rocks – Quarrying of stones: tools, methods, precautions – Uses
of stones – Characteristics of good building stones.
BRICKS: Classification of bricks – Characteristics of good bricks – Ingredients of good
brick earth – Harmful substances in brick earth – Manufacturing of bricks – Defects in bricks.
WOOD: Classification of trees – Classification of timber – Structure of timber –
Characteristics of good timber – Seasoning of timber – Defects, diseases and decay of timber.

UNIT II
CEMENT: Properties of cement – Composition of ordinary cement – Manufacturing of
ordinary cement – field tests on cement – Laboratory tests on cement – Storage of cement.
PAINTS & DISTEMPERS: Composition of oil paint – Preparation of paint – Painting
plastered surfaces – Painting wood surfaces – Painting metal surfaces – Defects – Distemper– White wash and color wash – Varnish.
MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS: Pig iron – Cast iron – Steel – Glass – Asbestos –
Gypsum – Bitumen – Rubber.

UNIT III
FOUNDATION: Functions of foundation – Requirements of good foundation – Type of
foundation – Foundation failures and Remedial measures.
MASONRY: Definition of terms used in masonry – Classification of stone masonry –
English and Flemish bonds in brick masonry – Defects in brick masonry – Comparison of
brick and stone masonry.

UNIT IV
FLOORS: Components of floor – Types of floors: Cement concrete flooring, mosaic
flooring, marble flooring, tiled flooring, timber flooring and rubber flooring.
ROOFS: Pitched, flat and curved roofs – Lean-to-Roof, coupled roofs, Trussed roofs- King
and queen post trusses – RCC roofs, madras terrace / shell roofs.
DOORS AND WINDOWS: Location of doors and windows – Types of doors – Types of
windows.

UNIT V
LINTELS & ARCHES: Classification of lintels – Terms used in arches – Classification of
arches.
PLASTERING AND POINTING: Types of mortars for plastering – Methods of plastering
– Defects in plastering – Pointing.
STAIRS: Technical terms – Requirements of good stair – Classification of stairs.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Building Materials, 4th Edition, Duggal, S.K., New Age International
2. Building Construction, 11th Edition, Dr. B.C. Punmia, Er. Ashok Kumar Jain, Dr.
Arun Kumar Jain, Laxmi Publications.
REFERENCES:
1. Engineering Materials [Material Science], 42nd Edition, Rangwala, Charotar
Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
2. A Textbook on Building Construction, Dr.S.K. Sharma, S. ChandPublishers.